**Science** is a way of gaining and organizing knowledge about reality via repeated, testable explanations and predictions about reality. Science has largely replaced [religion](Organized_Religion "wikilink") as the most common method of gaining knowledge about the outside world, which has been correlated with a massive gains in [technology](technology "wikilink"). ## Types of Science ### A - Acarology – study of mites and ticks - Accountancy – measurement, processing, analyzing, reporting and communication of financial information about economic entity and activities - Aceology – science of remedies, or of therapeutics; iamatology. - Acology – study of medical remedies - Acoustics – science of sound - Adenology – study of glands - Aedoeology – science of generative organs - Aerobiology – study of airborne organisms - Aerodonetics – science or study of gliding - Aerodynamics – dynamics of gases; science of movement in a flow of air or gas - Aerolithology – study of aerolites; meteorites - Aerology – study of the atmosphere - Aeronautics – study of navigation through air or space - Aerophilately – collecting of air-mail stamps - Aerostatics – science of air pressure; art of ballooning - Agonistics – art and theory of prize-fighting - Agriology – comparative study of primitive peoples - Agrobiology – study of plant nutrition; soil yields - Agrology – study of agricultural soils - Agronomics – study of productivity of land - Agrostology – science or study of grasses - Alethiology – study of truth - Algedonics – science of pleasure and pain - Algology – study of algae or the study of pain - Anaesthesiology – study of anaesthetics - Anaglyptics – art of carving in bas-relief - Anagraphy – art of constructing catalogues - Anatomy – study of the structure of the body - Andragogy – theory and practice of education of adults - Anemology – study of wind - Angiology – study of blood flow and lymphatic system - Anthropobiology – study of human biology - Anthropology – study of human cultures - Aphnology – science of wealth - Apiology – study of bees - Arachnology – study of arachnids - Archaeology – study of human material remains - Archelogy – study of first principles\[1\] - Archology – science of the origins of government - Arctophily – study of teddy bears - Areology – study of Mars - Aretaics – science of virtue - Aristology – science or art of dining - Aromachology – study of smell and odor - Arthrology – study of joints - Arthropodology – study of arthropods like insects and arachnids - Astacology – science of crayfish - Astheniology – study of diseases of weakening and aging - Astrobotany – study of plants in space - Astrogeology – study of extraterrestrial geology - Astrology – study of influence of celestial objects on humanity - Astrometeorology – study of effect of stars on climate - Astronomy – study of celestial bodies - Astrophysics – study of behaviour of interstellar matter - Astroseismology – study of star oscillations - Atmology – the science of aqueous vapor - Audiology – study of hearing - Autecology – study of ecology of one species - Autology – scientific study of oneself - Auxology – science of growth - Avionics – science of electronic devices for aircraft - Axiology – science of the ultimate nature of value ### B - Bacteriology – study of bacteria - Balneology – science of the therapeutic use of baths - Barodynamics – science of the support and mechanics of bridges - Barology – study of gravitational force - Batology – the study of brambles - Bibliology – study of books - Bibliotics – study of documents to determine authenticity - Bioecology – study of interaction of life in the environment - Biology – study of life - Biochemistry – study of chemical processes within and relating to living organism - Biometrics – study of biological measurement for security purposes - Bionomics – study of organisms interacting in their environments - Botany – study of plants - Bromatology – study of food - Bryology – study of mosses and liverworts ### C - Cacogenics – study of racial degeneration - Caliology – study of bird's nests - Calorifics – study of heat - Cambistry – science of international exchange - Campanology – art of bell ringing - Carcinology – study of crabs and other crustaceans - Cardiology – study of the heart - Caricology – study of sedges - Carpology – study of fruit - Cartography – science of making maps and globes - Cartophily – hobby of collecting cigarette cards - Castrametation – art of designing a camp - Catacoustics – science of echoes or reflected sounds - Catalactics – science of commercial exchange - Catechectics – art of teaching by question and answer - Cell Biology – study of the different structures and functions of both eukaryote and prokaryote cells - Cetology – study of whales and dolphins - Chalcography – art of engraving on copper or brass - Chalcotriptics – art of taking rubbings from ornamental brasses - Chaology – study of chaos or chaos theory - Characterology – study of development of character - Chemistry – study of properties and behaviours of substances - Chionology – study of snow - Chirocosmetics – beautifying the hands; art of manicure - Chirography – study of handwriting or penmanship - Chirology – study of the hands - Chiropody – medical science of feet - Chorology – science of the geographic description of anything - Chrematistics – study of wealth; political economy - Chronobiology – study of biological rhythms - Chrysology – study of precious metals - Ciselure – art of chasing metal - Climatology – study of climate - Clinology – study of aging or individual decline after maturity - Codicology – study of manuscripts - Coleopterology – study of beetles and weevils - Cometology – study of comets - Conchology – study of shells - Coprology – study of feces - Cosmetology – study of cosmetics - Cosmology – study of the universe - Craniology – study of the skull - Criminology – study of crime; criminals - Cryobiology – study of life under cold conditions - Cryptology – study of codes - Cryptozoology – study of animals for whose existence there is no conclusive proof - Ctetology – study of the inheritance of acquired characteristics - Cyclonology – study of tropical cyclones, e.g. hurricanes - Cynology – scientific study of dogs - Cytology – study of living cells ### D - Dactyliology – study of rings - Dactylography – study of fingerprints - Dactylology – study of sign language - Deltiology – collection and study of picture postcards - Demography – study of population - Demology – study of human behaviour - Demonology – study of demons - Dendrochronology – study of tree rings - Dendrology – study of trees - Deontology – theory or study of moral obligation - Dermatoglyphics – study of skin patterns and fingerprints - Dermatology – study of skin - Desmology – study of ligaments - Diabology – study of devils - Diagraphics – art of making diagrams or drawings - Dialectology – study of dialects - Dioptrics – study of light refraction - Diplomatics – science of deciphering ancient writings and texts - Diplomatology – study of diplomats - Docimology – art of assaying - Dosiology – study of doses - Dramaturgy – art of producing and staging dramatic works - Dysgenics – study of racial degeneration - Dysteleology – study of purposeless organs ### E - Ecclesiology – study of church affairs - Eccrinology – study of excretion - Ecology – study of environment - Economics – study of material wealth (production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services) - Edaphology – study of soils - Egyptology – study of ancient Egypt - Ekistics – study of human settlement - Electrochemistry – study of relations between electricity and chemicals - Electrology – study of electricity - Electrostatics – study of static electricity - Embryology – study of embryos - Emetology – study of vomiting - Emmenology – study of menstruation - Endemiology – study of local diseases - Endocrinology – study of glands - Energetics – study of energy under transformation - Engineering Studies – study of engineering - Enigmatology – study of enigmas - Entomology – study of insects - Entozoology – study of parasites that live inside larger organisms - Enzymology – study of enzymes - Ephebiatrics – branch of medicine dealing with adolescence - Epidemiology – study of diseases; epidemics - Epileptology – study of epilepsy - Epistemology – study of grounds of knowledge - Eremology – study of deserts - Ergology – study of effects of work on humans - Ergonomics – study of people at work - Escapology – study of freeing oneself from constraints - Eschatology – study of death; final matters - Ethnogeny – study of origins of races or ethnic groups - Ethnology – study of cultures - Ethnomethodology – study of everyday communication - Ethnomusicology – study of comparative musical systems - Ethology – study of natural or biological character - Ethonomics – study of economic and ethical principles of a society - Etiology – science of causes; especially of disease - Etymology – study of origins of words - Euthenics – science concerned with improving living conditions - Exobiology – study of extraterrestrial life - Exoplanetology – study of exoplanets ### F - Floristry – art of cultivating and selling flowers - Fluviology – study of watercourses - Folkloristics – study of folklore and fables - Forestry – study of the creation, management, use, conservation, and repair of forests and associated resources - Futurology – study of future ### G - Garbology – study of garbage - Gastroenterology – study of stomach; intestines - Gastronomy – study of fine dining - Gemmology – study of gems and jewels - Gender Studies – study of gender - Genealogy – study of descent of families - Genesiology – study of reproduction and heredity - Genethlialogy – art of casting horoscopes - Geochemistry – study of chemistry of the earth's crust - Geochronology – study of measuring geological time - Geography – study of surface of the earth and its inhabitants - Geology – study of the earth - Geomorphogeny – study of the origins of land forms - Geoponics – study of agriculture - Geotechnics – study of increasing habitability of the earth - Geratology – study of decadence and decay - Gerocomy – study of old age - Gerontology – study of the elderly; aging - Gigantology – study of giants - Glaciology – study of ice ages and glaciation - Glossology – study of language; study of the tongue - Glyptography – art of engraving on gems - Glyptology – study of gem engravings - Gnomonics – the art of measuring time using sundials - Gnosiology – study of knowledge; philosophy of knowledge - Gnotobiology – study of life in germ-free conditions - Graminology – study of grasses - Grammatology – study of systems of writing - Graphemics – study of systems of representing speech in writing - Graphology – study of handwriting - Gromatics – science of surveying - Gynaecology – study of women’s physiology - Gyrostatics – study of rotating bodies ### H - Haemataulics – study of movement of blood through blood vessels - Hagiology – study of saints - Halieutics – study of fishing - Hamartiology – study of sin - Harmonics – study of musical acoustics - Hedonics – part of ethics or psychology dealing with pleasure - Helcology – study of ulcers - Heliology – science of the sun - Helioseismology – study of sun's interior by observing its surface oscillations - Helminthology – study of worms - Hematology – study of blood - Heortology – study of religious feasts - Hepatology – study of liver - Heraldry – study of coats of arms - Heredity – study of passing of traits from parents to offspring - Heresiology – study of heresies - Herpetology – study of reptiles and amphibians - Hierology – science of sacred matters - Hippiatrics – study of diseases of horses - Hippology – study of horses - Histology – study of the tissues of organisms - Histopathology – study of changes in tissue due to disease - Historiography – study of writing history - Historiology – study of history - Homiletics – art of preaching - Home Economics – deals with home and economics - Hoplology – study of weapons - Horography – art of constructing sundials or clocks - Horology – science of time measurement - Horticulture – study of gardening - Hydrobiology – study of aquatic organisms - Hydrodynamics – study of movement in liquids - Hydrogeology – study of ground water - Hydrography – study of investigating bodies of water - Hydrokinetics – study of motion of fluids - Hydrology – study of water resources - Hydrometeorology – study of atmospheric moisture - Hydropathy – study of treating diseases with water - Hyetology – science of rainfall - Hygiastics – science of health and hygiene - Hygienics – study of sanitation; health - Hygiology – hygienics; study of cleanliness - Hygroscopy – study of humidity - Hygrometry – science of humidity - Hymnography – study of writing hymns - Hymnology – study of hymns - Hypnology – study of sleep; study of hypnosis - Hypsography – science of measuring heights ### I - Iamatology – study of remedies - Iatrology – treatise or text on medical topics; study of medicine - Iatromathematics – archaic practice of medicine in conjunction with astrology - Ichnography – art of drawing ground plans; a ground plan - Ichnology – science of fossilized footprints - Ichthyology – study of fish - Iconography – study of drawing symbols - Iconology – study of icons; symbols - Ideogeny – study of origins of ideas - Ideology – science of ideas; system of ideas used to justify behaviour - Idiomology – study of idiom, jargon or dialect - Idiopsychology – study of the psychology of one's own mind - Immunogenetics – study of genetic characteristics of immunity - Immunology – study of immunity - Immunopathology – study of immunity to disease - Insectology – study of insects - Irenology – study of peace - Iridology – study of the iris; diagnosis of disease based on the iris of the eye ### K - Kalology – study of beauty - Karyology – study of cell nuclei - Kinematics – study of motion - Kinesics – study of gestural communication - Kinesiology – study of human movement and posture - Kinetics – study of forces producing or changing motion - Koniology – study of atmospheric pollutants and dust - Ktenology – science of putting people to death - Kymatology – study of wave motion ### L - Labeorphily – collection and study of beer bottle labels - Larithmics – study of population statistics - Laryngology – study of larynx - Lepidopterology – study of butterflies and moths - Leprology – study of leprosy - Lexicology – study of words and their meanings - Lexigraphy – art of definition of words - Lichenology – study of lichens - Limacology – study of slugs - Limnobiology – study of freshwater ecosystems - Limnology – study of bodies of fresh water - Linguistics – study of language - Liturgiology – study of liturgical forms and church rituals - Loimology – study of plagues and epidemics - Loxodromy – study of sailing along rhumb-lines ### M - Magirics – art of cookery - Magnanerie – art of raising silkworms - Magnetics – study of magnetism - Malacology – study of molluscs - Malariology – study of malaria - Mammalogy – study of mammals - Manège – art of horsemanship - Mariology – study of the Virgin Mary - Marine Biology– Study of the Oceans Ecosystem - Mastology – study of mammals - Mathematics – study of magnitude, number, and forms - Mazology – mammalogy; study of mammals - Mechanics – study of action of force on bodies - Meconology – study of or treatise concerning opium - Media studies – study of mass media - Melittology – study of bees - Melology – study of music; musicology - Mereology – study of part-whole relationships - Mesology – ecology - Metallogeny – study of the origin and distribution of metal deposits - Metallography – study of the structure and constitution of metals - Metallurgy – study of alloying and treating metals - Metaphysics – study of principles of nature and thought - Metapolitics – study of politics in theory or abstract - Metapsychology – study of nature of the mind - Meteoritics – study of meteors - Meteorology – study of weather - Methodology – system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity - Methyology – study of alcohol - Metrics – study of versification - Metrology – science of weights and measures - Microanatomy – study of microscopic tissues - Microbiology – study of microscopic organisms - Microclimatology – study of local climates - Micrology – study or discussion of trivialities - Micropalaeontology – study of microscopic fossils - Microphytology – study of very small plant life - Microscopy – study of minute objects - Mineralogy – study of minerals - Molinology – study of mills and milling - Momilogy – study of mummies - Morphology (disambiguation) – study of forms and the development of structures - Muscology – study of mosses - Museology – study of museums - Musicology – study of music - Mycology – study of funguses - Myology – study of muscles - Myrmecology – study of ants - Mythology – study of myths; fables; tales ### N - Naology – study of church or temple architecture - Nasology – study of the nose - Nautics – art of navigation - Nematology – study of nematodes - Neonatology – study of newborn babies - Neossology – study of nestling birds - Nephology – study of clouds - Nephrology – study of the kidneys - Neurobiology – study of anatomy of the nervous system - Neurology – study of nervous system - Neuropsychology – study of relation between brain and behaviour - Neurypnology – study of hypnotism - Neutrosophy – study of the origin and nature of philosophical neutralities - Nomology – the science of the laws; especially of the mind - Noology – science of the intellect - Nosology – study of diseases - Nostology – study of senility - Notaphily – collecting of bank-notes and cheques - Numerology – pseudoscientific study of numbers - Numismatics – study of coins - Nymphology – study of nymphs - Nanotechnology – study of nanite ### O - Obstetrics – study of midwifery - Oceanography – study of oceans - Oceanology – study of oceans - Odontology – study of teeth - Odonatology– study of dragonflies and damselflies - Oenology – study of wines - Oikology – science of housekeeping - Olfactology – study of the sense of smell - Ombrology – study of rain - Oncology – study of tumours - Oneirology – study of dreams - Onomasiology – study of nomenclature - Onomastics – study of proper names - Ontology – science of pure being; the nature of things - Oology – study of eggs - Ophiology – study of snakes - Ophthalmology – study of eye diseases - Optics – study of light - Optology – study of sight - Optometry – science of examining the eyes - Orchidology – study of orchids - Ornithology – study of birds - Orology – study of mountains - Orthoepy – study of correct pronunciation - Orthography – study of spelling - Orthopterology – study of cockroaches - Oryctology – mineralogy or paleontology - Osmics – scientific study of smells - Osmology – study of smells and olfactory processes - Osphresiology – study of the sense of smell - Osteology – study of bones - Otology – study of the ear - Otorhinolaryngology – study of ear, nose and throat ### P - Paedology – study of children - Paidonosology – study of children's diseases; pediatrics - Palaeoanthropology – study of early humans - Palaeobiology – study of fossil plants and animals - Palaeoclimatology – study of ancient climates - Palaeoichthyology – study of ancient fish - Palaeolimnology – study of ancient lakes - Palaeontology – study of fossils - Palaeopedology – study of early soils - Paleobotany – study of ancient plants - Paleo-osteology – study of ancient bones - Palynology – study of pollen - Papyrology – study of paper - Paradoxology – study of paradoxes - Parapsychology – study of unexplained mental phenomena - Parasitology – study of parasites - Paroemiology – study of proverbs - Parthenology – study of virgins - Pataphysics – science of imaginary solutions - Pathology – study of disease - Patrology – study of early Christianity - Pedagogics – study of teaching - Pedology – study of soils - Pelology – study of mud - Penology – study of crime and punishment - Periodontics – study of gums - Peristerophily – pigeon-collecting - Pestology – science of pests - Petrology – study of rocks - Pharmacognosy – study of drugs of animal and plant origin - Pharmacology – study of drugs - Pharology – study of lighthouses - Pharyngology – study of the throat - Phenology – study of organisms as affected by climate - Phenomenology – study of phenomena - Philately – study of postage stamps - Philematology – act or study of kissing - Phillumeny – collecting of matchbox labels - Philology – study of ancient texts; historical linguistics - Philosophy – science of knowledge or wisdom - Phoniatrics – study and correction of speech defects - Phonology – study of speech sounds - Photobiology – study of effects of light on organisms - Photonics – study of photons - Phraseology – study of phrases - Phrenology – study of bumps on the head - Phycology – study of algae and seaweeds - Physics – study of properties of matter and energy - Physiology – study of processes of life - Phytology – study of plants; botany - Piscatology – study of fishes - Pisteology – science or study of faith - Planetology – study of planets - Plutology – political economy; study of wealth - Pneumatics – study of mechanics of gases - Podiatry – study and treatment of disorders of the foot; chiropody - Podology – study of the feet - Polemology – study of war - Pomology – study of fruit-growing - Posology – science of quantity or dosage - Potamology – study of rivers - Praxeology – study of practical or efficient activity; science of efficient action - Primatology – study of primates - Proctology – study of rectum - Prosody – study of versification - Protistology – study of protists - Proxemics – study of man’s need for personal space - Psalligraphy – art of paper-cutting to make pictures - Psephology – study of election results and voting trends - Pseudology – art or science of lying - Pseudoptics – study of optical illusions - Psychobiology – study of biology of the mind - Psychogenetics – study of internal or mental states - Psychognosy – study of mentality, personality or character - Psychology – study of mind - Psychopathology – study of mental illness - Psychophysics – study of link between mental and physical processes - Pteridology – study of ferns - Pterylology – study of distribution of feathers on birds - Pyretology – study of fevers - Pyrgology – study of towers - Pyroballogy – study of artillery - Pyrography – study of woodburning - Pyrotechnics – study of combustion through fire or explosions ### Q - Quinology – study of quinine. - Quantum Mechanics – a fundamental theory in physics which describes nature at the smallest scales of energy levels of atoms and subatomic particles. - Queer theory – study of issues related to sexual orientation and gender identity. ### R - Raciology – study of racial differences - Radiochemistry – study of ordinary chemical reactions under radioactive circumstances - Radiology – study of X-rays and their medical applications - Reflexology – study of reflexes - Rhabdology – knowledge or learning concerning divining rods - Rhabdology – art of calculating using numbering rods - Rheology – science of the deformation or flow of matter - Rheumatology – study of rheumatism - Rhinology – study of the nose - Rhochrematics – science of inventory management and the movement of products - Robotics – deals with the designing, construction, and operation of robots. - Runology – study of runes ### S - Sarcology – study of fleshy parts of the body - Satanology – study of the devil - Scatology – study of excrement or obscene literature - Schematonics – art of using gesture to express tones - Sciagraphy – art of shading - Scripophily – collection of bond and share certificates - Sedimentology – study of sediment - Seismology – study of earthquakes - Selenodesy – study of the shape and features of the moon - Selenology – study of the moon - Semantics – study of meaning - Semantology – science of meanings of words - Semasiology – study of meaning; semantics - Semiology – study of signs and signals - Semiotics – study of signs and symbols - Serology – study of serums - Sexology – study of sexual behaviour - Siderography – art of engraving on steel - Siderology – study of iron and its alloys, including steel - Sigillography – study of seals - Significs – science of meaning - Silvics – study of tree's life - Sindonology – study of the shroud of Turin - Sinology – study of China - Sitology – dietetics - Sociobiology – study of biological basis of human behaviour - Sociology – study of society - Somatology – science of substances - Sophiology – science of ideas - Soteriology – study of theological salvation - Spectrology – study of ghosts - Spectroscopy – study of spectra - Speleology – study and exploration of caves - Spermology – study of seeds - Sphagnology – study of peat moss - Sphragistics – study of seals and signets - Sphygmology – study of the pulse - Splanchnology – study of the entrails or viscera - Spongology – study of sponges - Stasiology – study of political parties - Statics – study of bodies and forces in equilibrium - Stellar Astronomy – study of stars, their origins, and their evolution. - Stemmatology – study of relationships between text - Stoichiology – science of elements of animal tissues - Stomatology – study of the mouth - Storiology – study of folk tales - Stratigraphy – study of geological layers or strata - Stratography – art of leading an army - Stylometry – studying literature by means of statistical analysis - Suicidology – study of suicide - Supramolecular chemistry – study of the chemistry of assembled molecular sub-units - Symbology – study of symbols - Symptomatology – study of symptoms of illness - Synecology – study of ecological communities - Synectics – study of processes of invention - Syntax – study of sentence structure - Syphilology – study of syphilis - Systematics – study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present - Systematology – study of systems ### T - Taxidermy – art of curing and stuffing animals - Taxonomy - study of plant, animals and microorganisms classification - Tectonics – science of structure of objects, buildings and landforms - Tegestology – study and collecting of beer mats - Teleology – study of final causes; analysis in terms of purpose - Telmatology – study of swamps - Tempestology – study of tropical cyclones, e.g. hurricanes - Teratology – study of birth defects and later abnormalities in living organisms - Teuthology – study of cephalopods - Textology – study of the production of texts - Thalassography – science of the sea - Thanatology – study of death and its customs - Thaumatology – study of miracles - Theology – study of religion; religious doctrine - Theriatrics – veterinary medicine - Theriogenology – study of animals' reproductive systems - Thermodynamics – study of relation of heat to motion - Thermokinematics – study of motion of heat - Thermology – study of heat - Therology – study of wild mammals - Thremmatology – science of breeding domestic animals and plants - Threpsology – science of nutrition - Tidology – study of tides - Timbrology – study of postage stamps - Tocology – obstetrics; midwifery - Tokology – study of childbirth - Tonetics – study of pronunciation - Topology – study of places and their natural features - Toponymics – study of place-names - Toreutics – study of artistic work in metal - Toxicology – study of poisons - Toxophily – love of archery; archery; study of archery - Traumatology – study of wounds and their effects - Tribology – study of friction and wear between surfaces - Trichology – study of hair and its disorders - Trophology – study of nutrition - Tsiganology – study of gypsies - Turbology – study of tornadoes - Turnery – art of turning in a lathe - Typhlology – study of blindness and the blind - Typography – art of printing or using type - Typology (disambiguation) – study of types of things ### U - Uranography – descriptive astronomy and mapping - Uranology – study of the heavens; astronomy - Urbanology – study of cities - Urenology – study of rust molds - Urology – study of urine; urinary tract ### V - Venereology – study of venereal disease - Vexillology – study of flags - Victimology – study of victims - Vinology – scientific study of vines and winemaking - Virology – study of viruses - Vitrics – glassy materials; glassware; study of glassware - Volcanology – study of volcanoes - Vulcanology – study of volcanoes ### X - Xylography – art of engraving on wood - Xylology – study of wood ### Z - Zenography – study of the planet Jupiter - Zooarchaeology – study of animal remains of archaeological sites - Zoochemistry – chemistry of animals - Zoogeography – study of geographic distribution of animals - Zoogeology – study of fossil animal remains - Zoology – study of animals - Zoonomy – animal physiology - Zoonosology – study of animal diseases - Zoopathology – study of animal diseases - Zoophysics – physics of animal bodies - Zoophysiology – study of physiology of animals - Zoophytology – study of plant-like animals - Zoosemiotics – study of animal communication - Zootaxy – science of classifying animals - Zootechnics – science of breeding animals - Zygology – science of joining and fastening - Zymology – science of fermentation - Zymurgy – branch of chemistry dealing with brewing and distilling - Zythology – study of beer