A **timeline of [Anarcho-Syndicalism](Anarcho-Syndicalism "wikilink")**, the movement aiming to establish an anarchist society through trade unionism and strikes. ## 1900s - 1901: The [Argentine Regional Workers' Federation](Argentine_Regional_Workers'_Federation "wikilink") is founded in Buenos Aires and gains a strong anarcho-syndicalist influence. - 1903: [Sam Mainwaring](Sam_Mainwaring "wikilink") coins the term 'anarcho-syndicalism' in pamphlets criticising reformist trade unionism. - 1905: The [Industrial Workers of the World](Industrial_Workers_of_the_World "wikilink") is founded in Chicago, USA, although it is still debated whether or not it is an anarcho-syndicalist organisation. - 1908: The [Brazilian Workers Confederation](Brazilian_Workers_Confederation "wikilink") is established in Rio de Janeiro. - 1910: The [Central Organisation of the Workers of Sweden](Central_Organisation_of_the_Workers_of_Sweden "wikilink") is established in Sweden after the failure of the [Swedish General Strike in 1909](Swedish_General_Strike_\(1909\) "wikilink"). - 1912: The [Italian Syndicalist Union](Italian_Syndicalist_Union "wikilink") is established in Modena. - 1916: The [Norwegian Syndicalist Federation](Norwegian_Syndicalist_Federation "wikilink") is established in Oslo. - 1919: The [Vaga de La Canadenca](Vaga_de_La_Canadenca "wikilink") strike in Barcelona forces the Spanish government to establish an 8-hour workday after anarcho-syndicalists shut down 70% of the cities economy. - 1919: The [Bienno Rosso](Bienno_Rosso "wikilink") sees anarcho-syndicalists lead workplace occupations and create workers' councils. - 1919: The [Free Workers' Union of Germany](Free_Workers'_Union_of_Germany "wikilink") is established after the merge of Free Association of German Trade Unions and several small anarcho-syndicalist groups in the Ruhr region. - 1922: The [International Workers' Association](International_Workers'_Association "wikilink") (IWA) is established at an illegal conference in Berlin, Germany by delegates from the Italian Syndicalist Union, Argentine Regional Workers' Federation, General Confederation of Workers in Portugal, Free Workers' Union of Germany, Committee for the Defense of Revolutionary Syndicalism in France, Federation du Combattant from Paris, Central Organisation of the Workers of Sweden, National Labor Secretariat in the Netherlands, the IWW in Chile and the Union for Syndicalist Propaganda in Denmark. - 1924: The Italian Syndicalist Union is driven underground by the fascist regime. - 1926: The [National Libertarian Federation of Trade Unions](National_Libertarian_Federation_of_Trade_Unions_\(Japan\) "wikilink") is established in Tokyo, Japan. - 1928: The [Continental Association of American Workers](Continental_Association_of_American_Workers "wikilink") is founded in Buenos Aires, Argentina to form a broad anarcho-syndicalist movement across Latin America. - 1933: The Free Workers' Union of Germany is disbanded in response to the rise of the [Nazis](Nazi_Germany "wikilink"), although underground groups begin resistance to the regime. - 1936: The Spanish Civil War breaks out and anarcho-syndicalists [begin to collectivise](Spanish_Revolution "wikilink") industry, agriculture, transport and utilities [in a third of the country](Revolutionary_Spain "wikilink"). - 1946: The [National Confederation of Labour](National_Confederation_of_Labour_\(France\) "wikilink") is founded in Paris, France by CNT members from Spain and former anarcho-syndicalists in the CGT. - 1950: The [Syndicalist Workers' Federation](Solidarity_Federation_\(UK\) "wikilink") is founded in the UK by former members of the Anarchist Federation. - 1950: The Italian Syndicalist Union is refounded. - 1951: The IWA is reestablished at a conference in Toulouse, France. - 1954: A second [Libertarian League](Libertarian_League_\(NYC\) "wikilink") is established in New York City, USA centered around anarchist bookshops - 1956: The Central Organisation of the Workers of Sweden leaves the IWA over disputes over the SACs running of a state-funded unemployment benefits scheme. This nearly destroys the IWA. - 1977: The [Free Women's and Workers' Union](Free_Women's_and_Workers'_Union_\(Germany\) "wikilink") is established in Germany, inspired by the reconstruction of the CNT in Spain. It sees itself as the successor to the Free Workers' Union of Germany. - 1979: The [General Confederation of Labor](General_Confederation_of_Labor_\(Spain\) "wikilink") splits from the CNT in Spain over issues of taking government subsidies and participating in union elections. - 1979: The Syndicalist Workers' Federation changes its name to the Direct Action Movement. - 1984: The [Workers' Solidarity Alliance](Workers'_Solidarity_Alliance_\(USA\) "wikilink") is established in the USA. - 1985: The Brazilian Workers Confederation is reestablished. - 1986: The [Anarcho-Syndicalist Federation](Anarcho-Syndicalist_Federation_\(Australia\) "wikilink") is founded in Melbourne, Australia, influenced by former CNT-exiles. - 1989: The [Awareness League](Awareness_League_\(Nigeria\) "wikilink") is founded in Nigeria. - 1994: The Direct Action Movement in the UK changes its name to the Solidarity Federation. - 1995: The [Confederation of Revolutionary Anarcho-Syndicalists](Confederation_of_Revolutionary_Anarcho-Syndicalists_\(Russia\) "wikilink") is established in Moscow, Russia as anarcho-communist members split from the Confederation of Anarcho-Syndicalists. - 1996: The Awareness League joins the IWA as the Nigerian section. ## 2000s - 2009: [Libertære Socialister](Libertære_Socialister "wikilink") is founded in Denmark, holding an estimated 300 members across three cities, they espouse an anarcho-communist and anarcho-syndicalist position. - 2017: Libertære Socialister is dissolved after a period of inactivity. - 2018: The [International Confederation of Labor](International_Confederation_of_Labor "wikilink") is established at a conference in Italy from organisations that left the IWA, arguing for a more syndicalist approach for anarchism.