68 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
68 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
'''Kibbutzim '''or **Kibbutz** are [intentional
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communities](Intentional_Community "wikilink") spread across
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[Israel](State_of_Israel "wikilink") and are connected to the left-wing
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of the [Zionist](Zionism "wikilink") movement. They have an estimated
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population of 120,000 people spread over [270
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communities](List_of_Libertarian_Socialist_Societies "wikilink") (or an
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average of 444 people per community).\[1\] [Noam
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Chomsky](Noam_Chomsky "wikilink") has said the early kibbutzim "came
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closer to the [anarchist](Anarchism "wikilink") ideal than any other
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attempt that lasted for more than a very brief moment before
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destruction". [Graham Purchase](Graham_Purchase "wikilink") wrote that
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the kibbutz became "exactly the sort of modern communal village/small
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town life which [Kropotkin](Peter_Kropotkin "wikilink") had envisaged".
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## Decision-Making
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Kibbutzim make decisions using [democratic town
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meetings](Democratic_Assembly "wikilink"). At once Kibbutz:
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> Members met twice a week at town meetings to make decisions on items
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> like the budget, electing officers, and punishing people who broke the
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> community rules. Members elected a general secretary who prepared the
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> meeting agendas, chaired the meetings, and served as the kibbutz's
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> delegate in the [federation](Confederation "wikilink") of kibbutzim.
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> The secretary received assistance from a secretariat, a nominating
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> committee, an education committee, a high school committee, a cultural
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> committee, a welfare committee, a security committee, and a landscape
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> committee. Every kibbutz member at some poin
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>
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> `served as an officer, in a committee, or in some other position of authority. No officer was allowed to serve for more than two or three years, and the positions, like all work on the kibbutz, were unpaid.`\[2\]
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## Crime
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According to Wikipedia: "the crime rate \[in the Kibbutz\] is lower than
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the national average by a significant margin."\[3\] In 1940, a British
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airman stationed in Palestine wrote that in the kibbutzim, "The problem
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of violence has simply not arisen". In 1986, a study on Kibbutz Vatik
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noted that the kibbutz had never experienced any serious crime. James
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Horrox comments that these "remarks on the non-existence of crime were
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all made at a time when many of the communities were of equivalent size
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to small towns, or at least large villages, many of them housing well
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over a thousand people each."\[4\]
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## Economy
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## Environmental Protection
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Kibbutz Lotan, with its Center for Creative Ecology, practices and
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teaches visitors about organic gardening and construction with materials
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from the local landbase. The kibbutz's website reports, "Over the last
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four years Lotan, through its composting and recycling efforts, has
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reduced its overall waste disposal by 70% each year."<sup>\[5\]</sup>
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## Culture
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## See Also Edit
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## References Edit
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1. Ran Abramitzky, "Lessons from the Kibbutz on the Equality–Incentives
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Trade-off," 'Journal of Economic Perspectives'' 25, no. 1 (2011)''
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2. [`Peter`` ``Gelderloos`](Peter_Gelderloos "wikilink")`
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``(2010)`` `[`Anarchy`` ``Works`](Anarchy_Works "wikilink")
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3. [Wikipedia](Wikipedia "wikilink") -
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<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kibbutz#Crime>
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4. [James Horrox](James_Horrox "wikilink") (2009) *[A Living
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Revolution: Anarchism in the Kibbutz
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Movement](A_Living_Revolution:_Anarchism_in_the_Kibbutz_Movement "wikilink")* |