134 lines
7.4 KiB
Markdown
134 lines
7.4 KiB
Markdown
A **timeline of insurrectionary anarchism**, a philosophy aiming for a
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refusal to organise and negotiate with authorities, instead opting to
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violently destroy them and their institutions to liberate humanity.
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## 1800s
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- 1866: [Dmitry Karakozov](Dmitry_Karakozov "wikilink") made an
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unsuccessful attempt on the life of Tsar Alexander II at the gates
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of the Summer Garden in St Petersburg. As the Tsar was leaving,
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Dmitry rushed forward to fire. The attempt was thwarted by Osip
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Komissarov, a peasant-born hatter's apprentice, who jostled
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Karakozov's elbow just before the shot was fired.
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- 1878: [Max Hödel](Max_Hödel "wikilink") attempts to assassinate
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Kaiser Wilhelm I of Germany. His two attempts to shoot the monarch
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both fail, and he is apprehended and executed later that year.
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- 1878: [Sergey
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Stepnyak-Kravchinsky](Sergey_Stepnyak-Kravchinsky "wikilink") stabs
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to death General Nikolai Mezentsov, head of the Tsar's secret
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police, in response to the execution of [Ivan
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Kovalsky](Ivan_Kovalsky "wikilink").
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- 1878: [Giovanni Passannante](Giovanni_Passannante "wikilink")
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attempts to assassinate with a dagger King Umberto I of Italy. He is
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sentenced to death, but is commuted to life in prison, where he goes
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insane and is taken to the asylum.
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- 1879: [Grigori Goldenberg](Grigori_Goldenberg "wikilink") shoots
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Prince Dmitri Kropotkin (no, not our favourite [Prince
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Kropotkin](Peter_Kropotkin "wikilink")), the Governor of Kharkov in
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the Russian Empire, to death.
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- 1879: [Alexander Soloviev](Alexander_Soloviev "wikilink") attempts
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to assassinate Tsar Alexander II of Russia. The monarch spots the
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weapon in his hands and flees, but Soloviev still fires five shots,
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all of which miss. Soloviev is captured and hanged.
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- 1880: [Stepan Khalturin](Stepan_Khalturin "wikilink") successfully
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blows up part of the Winter Palace in an attempt to assassinate Tsar
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Alexander. Although the Tsar escapes unharmed, eight soldiers are
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killed and 45 wounded. The invention of
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[dynamite](dynamite "wikilink") had [now arrived
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politically](Benedict_Anderson "wikilink").
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- 1881: Tsar Alexander II of Russia is killed by a bombing coordinated
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by [Narodnaya Volya](Narodnaya_Volya "wikilink").
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- 1892: [Alexander Berkman](Alexander_Berkman "wikilink") tries to
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kill capitalist [Henry Clay Frick](Henry_Clay_Frick "wikilink") in
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New York City, USA in retaliation for Frick's hiring of
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[Pinkerton](Pinkerton "wikilink") detectives to break up the
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[Homestead Strike](Homestead_Strike_\(1892\) "wikilink"), resulting
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in the deaths of seven steelworkers. Although badly wounded, Frick
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survives, and Berkman is arrested and eventually imprisoned for 22
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years.
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- 1893: Santiago Salvador throws two bombs into a theatre in
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Barcelona, Spain, killing 20 people.
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- 1893: [Auguste Vaillant](Auguste_Vaillant "wikilink") throws a bomb
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in the French National Assembly, killing nobody and injuring one. He
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is then sentenced to death and executed by the
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[guillotine](guillotine "wikilink"), shouting "Death to bourgeois
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society and long live anarchy\!" before his death. He had not
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intended to kill anyone, but only to injure them in retaliation for
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the execution of [Ravachol](Ravachol "wikilink"), who was executed
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for four bombings.
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- 1894: [Émile Henry](Émile_Henry "wikilink"), intending to avenge
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Auguste Vaillant, sets off a bomb in Café Terminus in Paris,
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[France](France "wikilink") killing one and injuring twenty.
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- 1894: [Sante Geronimo Caserio](Sante_Geronimo_Caserio "wikilink"),
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seeking revenge for Auguste Vaillant and Émile Henry, stabs the
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President of France, to death. He is executed by guilltone later
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that year.
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- 1896: [Dimitris Matsalis](Dimitris_Matsalis "wikilink"), an
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anarchist shoemaker, stabs a banker and merchant, killing one in
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Greece.
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- 1897: [Pietro Acciarito](Pietro_Acciarito "wikilink") tries to stab
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King Umberto of Italy. He is jailed for life.
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- 1897: [Michele Angiolillo](Michele_Angiolillo "wikilink") shoots
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dead Spanish Prime Minister Antonio Cánovas del Castillo at a
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thermal bath resort, seeking vengeance for the imprisonment and
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torture of alleged revolutionaries at the Montjuïc fortress. He is
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later executed.
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- 1898: [Luigi Lucheni](Luigi_Lucheni "wikilink") stabs to death
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Empress Elisabeth, the consort of Emperor Franz Joseph I of
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Austria-Hungary, with a needle file in Geneva, Switzerland. Lucheni
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is sentenced to life in prison and eventually commits suicide in his
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cell.
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## 1900s
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- 1900: [Gaetano Bresci](Gaetano_Bresci "wikilink") shoots dead King
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Umberto, in revenge for the [Bava-Beccaris
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massacre](Bava-Beccaris_Massacre "wikilink") in Milan, Italy. Bresci
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is sentenced to prison for life on Santo Stefano Island, where he is
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found dead less than a year later.
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- 1901: [Leon Czolgosz](Leon_Czolgosz "wikilink") shoots U.S.
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President William McKinley at point-blank range at the Pan-American
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Exposition in Buffalo, New York. He is later executed by electric
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chair.
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- 1902: [Gennaro Rubino](Gennaro_Rubino "wikilink") attempts to murder
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King Leopold II of [Belgium](Belgium "wikilink"). All three of
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Rubino's shots miss the monarch's carriage, and he is quickly
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subdued by the crowd and taken into police custody.
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- 1921: Three anarchists on a motorcycle shoot dead Spanish Prime
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Minister Eduardo Dato Iradier in Puerta de Alcalá, Madrid.
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- 1926: 15-year old [Anteo Zamboni](Anteo_Zamboni "wikilink") tries to
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shoot [Mussolini](Benito_Mussolini "wikilink") during a parade in
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Bologna, Italy. He misses, and is publicly lynched in a few minutes
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by nearby fascists.
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- 1932: A dynamite-filled package bomb left by
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[Galleanists](Galleanism "wikilink") destroys Judge Webster Thayer's
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home in Worcester, Massachusetts, injuring his wife and a
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housekeeper. Judge Thayer had presided over the trials of
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Galleanists [Sacco](Nicola_Sacco "wikilink") and
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[Vanzetti](Bartolomeo_Vanzetti "wikilink").
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- 1969: Several parked police cars in Chicago, USA are blown up by the
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[Weatherman Underground](Weatherman_Underground "wikilink") in
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response for the [COINTELPRO](COINTELPRO "wikilink") based
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assassinations of black revolutionaries [Fred
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Hampton](Fred_Hampton "wikilink") and [Mark
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Clark](Mark_Clark "wikilink").
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- 1982: The [Squamish Five](Squamish_Five "wikilink") blow up an
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electrical substation on Vancouver Island, Canada in protest of the
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construction a dam.
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- 1982: The Squamish Five attempt to [blow up a factory
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producing](Litton_Industries_Bombing_\(1982\) "wikilink") cruise
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missiles in Toronto, Canada.
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- 1982: The [Wimmin's Fire Brigade](Wimmin's_Fire_Brigade "wikilink")
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burns down three pornography stores accused of selling snuff films
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(pornographic films that depict real death and mutilation).
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- 1997: [Conscientious Arsonists](Conscientious_Arsonists "wikilink")
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in Greece begin burning 62 cars over a year-long timespan that
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belong to various politicians, corporate executives, journalists and
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army officers.
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## 2000s
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- 2000: [17N](17N "wikilink") is alleged to have assassinated British
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military attache Stephen Saunders in [Greece](Greece "wikilink"),
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although some journalists allege it is a part of [Operation
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Gladio](Operation_Gladio "wikilink"). |